Skip to main content Help Control Panel

Shakespeare's Monkeys

Infinite Monkeys. Infinite Typewriters.

More in A problem of we, you and I in a poem

A problem of we, you and I in a poem

<< Previous  

The way that I look at it, is this:  Someone or something speaks in every poem ever written.  I forget who, but there's a man out there who distinguishes three narrative voices that parallel the three major and tradional syntaxes:  the egopoetic, the narrative, and the dramatic voices.  There are three persons and two numbers of voice:  First, second, and third person speakers, and singular and plural numbers.  Here's a table:

Voice:      Egopoetic          Narrative           Dramatic
____________________
Person:

First       I                  I, we               I

Second                         you, you (pl.)      

Third                          he, she, it, they

 

Now, whether you agree or disagree, I'm just putting this information out there.
The ego poetic voice is single angled.  The speaker is taking a stance at the
center of his or her world and telling about it from the first-person singular
viewpoint.  The egopoet's method is autobiographical in nature and exclusive
in effect.  There is but one angle of vision, and either the reader agrees with
the poet or not.  Those who do not agree are excluded from participation in the
subjective, ego-centered relationship.  Egopoets often use rhetorical methods,
telling rather than persuading or showing.  Most lyric poetry is written
in the egopoetic voice, but tradionally the interst of the poem is carried by the music
of the poem, by the sonic level which makes it palatable.

THe narrative voice is a double-angled at least, depeding on the number of
characters whose stories are being told in the poem.  The poet relates someone
else's or perhaps his own story by standing outside himself or herself and taking
an objective viewpoint.  The reader is not excluded by the narration because
he or she is encouraged to empathize, at least with the protagonist --- the lead
character.  By the way the poet tells the story, there is no inclusive angle of reflection
that tells us as much about the narrator, perhaps, as about the characters
in the poem. 

The Dramatic voic is similar to the narrative voice, except that here the poet
takes the reader inside another character's person, and both we and the poet
become that person.  We therefore see the persona's world in the same way
that we saw the poet's world from the egopoetic viewpoint.  The main
difference is that we can still see the poet-speaker's viewpoint which the poet
makes the persona speak.  The dramatic viewpoint is the most inclusive of the
three, for it is both objective and "subjective"  (From the viewpoint of the
character).  The more personae the poet imagines in the poem the more
inclusive it is.   

All three viewpoints and voices can be blended in a work of literature, and the
effect is poetentially "Universal."

Again, I apologize for the lack of resource.   I found this little page in a
folder of mine and suspect that it's from Lewis Truco.  Hope this helps out and
a reminder there's always an exception to the rules. 

Love,

The unicorn.

by Ryan Wilbur on Jan. 29 2008